超越载体的纳米医学——器械、细胞与活体治疗
Nanomedicine beyond carriers - devices, cells & living therapeutics
纳米医学已从早期实验性药物载体发展为临床验证的使能技术，脂质体和白蛋白结合纳米粒改变了肿瘤治疗，脂质纳米颗粒平台加速了SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗的全球部署。本文展望该领域正扩展至更复杂的递送系统，包括细胞搭便车纳米粒、仿生多价疫苗、可植入免疫治疗储库、高载药聚合物胶束、器官靶向基因与RNA载体，以及生物混合细胞外囊泡和线粒体疗法。这些平台不仅运输药物，还能调节免疫、引导再生，在细胞和分子层面实现精准干预。
为什么推荐给您：综述展望纳米医学新平台与活体治疗方向，具转化前景但非原始研究。
不需要生物学背景，多打比方
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摘要Abstract
Nanomedicine has progressed far beyond its early role as an experimental drug-carrier toolbox and today stands as a clinically validated enabling technology. Liposomal formulations and albumin-bound nanoparticles have transformed cancer therapy, while lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platforms accelerated the rapid development and global deployment of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines-demonstrating how nanoscale engineering can reshape therapeutic response, manufacturing speed, and public health impact. With these successes as foundation, the field is rapidly expanding into more sophisticated delivery systems including cell-hitchhiking nanoparticles, biomimetic multivalent vaccines, implantable immunotherapy depots, high-loading polymeric micelles, organ-targeted gene and RNA carriers, and bio-hybrid extracellular vesicle and mitochondrial therapies. These platforms aim not only to transport drugs, but to modulate immunity, direct regeneration, and enable precision intervention at the cellular and molecular scale. This perspective summarizes the current landscape of biomedical nanotechnologies and outlines how their continued evolution positions nanomedicine as an enabling science driving the next generation of therapeutics.