功能性近红外光谱在评估抗抑郁治疗疗效中的应用：2021—2026年近期证据综述
Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in evaluating antidepressant treatment efficacy: a review of recent evidence (2021-2026)
重性抑郁障碍缺乏客观的生物标志物来监测疗效和预测反应，传统评估依赖主观量表。功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS，一种无创、便携、时间分辨率高的脑成像技术）通过监测氧合血红蛋白等指标间接反映脑功能。本综述系统汇总2021—2026年研究，涉及药物、物理、心理及中西医结合等干预，发现fNIRS能捕捉前额叶、颞叶等区域的血流动力学和功能连接变化，且与症状改善相关。作者指出样本量小、缺乏标准化流程等局限，未来需多模态整合与机器学习模型推动个体化监测。
为什么推荐给您：常规综述，汇总fNIRS作为疗效标志物的已有证据，未提出新技术或新机制
不需要生物学背景，多打比方
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摘要Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains challenging to treat due to the lack of objective biomarkers for monitoring treatment response and predicting outcomes. Traditional treatment response evaluation rely heavily on subjective assessments, creating a pressing need for objective biomarkers to monitor therapeutic efficacy. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive, portable, and high-temporal-resolution brain imaging technique, can indirectly reflect brain function by monitoring metrics such as oxy-hemoglobin. This review systematically synthesizes research from 2021-2026 to detail the application of fNIRS in evaluating various depression interventions, including pharmacotherapy, physical therapies, psychological interventions, integrated interventions, and combined East-West medicine approaches. Evidence indicates that fNIRS can precisely capture hemodynamic and functional connectivity changes in key brain regions like the prefrontal and temporal cortices across different treatments, which correlate closely with clinical symptom improvement. This positions fNIRS as a promising biomarker for treatment efficacy assessment and a potential tool for predicting therapeutic response. Current limitations, such as small sample sizes and a lack of standardized protocols, are also discussed. Future directions include promoting multimodal integration, establishing standardized procedures, and building machine learning models to advance personalized and precise treatment monitoring for depression.